The contribution of Civil Society Organizations to representative democracy in the EU
European Commission (EC)
Profile

Dr Sandra Kröger
Associate Professor of Political Science
3285
01392 263285
I am interested in topics to do with democracy in the EU and with European integration. Earlier research focused on the Open Method of Coordination (OMC) in the field of social inclusion, and other forms of soft law. More recently, I have Iooked at electoral and non-electoral forms of political representation, on the one hand, and the norms that should be underlying the institutional design of representative institutions in the EU, on the other. Most recently, I have become interested in differentiated integration in the EU on the one hand, and the ethics of politics on the other. I am also currently developing a research interest in smartphones and digital democracy.
In my teaching, which I greatly enjoy, I seek to involve students as much as possible as active agents of their learning, so as to develop critical, independent thinking as well as group and expression skills. This leads me to rely a lot on group discussions, role plays - both smaller ones and in the form of simulations - as well small research exercises in the class room. I was truly honoured, in 2016, to be the runner-up for the category 'Innovative teaching' in the UoE Teaching Awards.
In 2021, I have become the Director of the Centre for European Studies.
I organise an interdisciplinary reading group on Democracy in Europe. Get in touch with me in case you'd like to be involved! Similarly, I organise an informal network on democratic backsliding, and if you'd like to know more or be involved, just let me know.
Research group links
Research interests
- European integration and Europeanization
- Democratic theory
- Parliaments in the EU
- Euroscepticism
- Populism
- Differentiated integration
- Deception, lying and truthfulness in politics
- Digital democracy
I have been involved in a number of projects on soft law in the EU, bei it the Open Method of Coordination or corporate social resonsibility. More recent projects were concerned with political representation in the EU, in both electoral and non-electoral forms. Of late, I have become more interested in the issues of differentiated integration in the EU on the one hand, and lying in politics on the other.At present, I am involved in two Horizon2020 projects on differentiated integration. In the first (http://indiveu.eui.eu/), which runs from 2019-2021, colleagues and I are interested in how DI can be institutionally designed in a fair way. The second, which runs from 2020-2022, will be more concerned with collecting the insights of the first project and disseminating them. I am currently developing a new research interest which is linked to digital democracy.
Any proposals of dissertations that focus on the above listed topics are highly welcome.
Other information
Research funding
- UoE European Network Fund, October 2021, £8500
- Horizon2020 project 'Differentiation: Clustering Excellence', 2020-2022 (90.000 Euro)
- Horizon2020 project 'Integrating Diversity in the European Union', 2019-2021 (106.000 Euro)
- Robert Schuman Fellow, EUI, 2018-2019 (35.193 Euro)
- UoE Strategic Discretionary Fund, July 2016, £ 3.300
- Fellow at the Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg Delmenhorst, 10/2013-04/2014.
- Life Long Learning Programme, Jean Monnet Action, Key Activity 1, 'New trends in political representation in the EU – still democratic?', conference in Exeter, 24-26 May 2012 (39.538,50 Euro).
- Marie Curie Fellowship for 24 months at the Department of Politics of the University of Exeter, September 2011-August 2013 (192.850 Euro).
- Workshop 'Representation in the European Union: Coping with present challenges to democracy', Fritz-Thyssen Stiftung, 2010 (8.000 Euro).
- Workshop 'The OMC within the Lisbon Strategy: Empirical assessments and theoretical implications', Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 28.-30.11.2008 (10.000 Euro).
- 2004-2007: Fellowship of the German Science Foundation, member of the doctoral programme 'The Future of the European Social Model', Georg-August University Göttingen.
- 1999-2001: Fellowship of the Evangelisches Studienwerk Villigst e.V.
- 1994-1999: Fellowship of the Evangelisches Studienwerk Villigst e.V.
Modules taught
- POL2075 - Integration and Disintegration in the European Union
- POL2119 - Transformations of Social and Political Realities through Smartphones
- POL3196 - Democracy in the European Union
- POLM063 - Qualitative Methods in Social Research
- POLM140 - Qualitative Methods in Social Research
- POLM148 - Brexit: Causes, Interpretation and Implications
Biography
A Marie Curie fellowship first brought me to Exeter (2011-2013). I started as lecturer in 2014 and was promoted to senior lecturer in 2016 and to Associate Professor in 2021.
I hold degrees in social science (Humboldt-University Berlin, Paris VIII) and Interdisciplinary France studies (University Freiburg). I did my PhD as part of the graduate programme ‘The Future of the European Social Model’ (supervisors: Prof. Ilona Ostner and Prof. Claus Offe). The dissertation, which I defended in 2008, addressed the Open Method of Coordination in the field of social inclusion and its implementation in France, Germany, and at the EU-level.
Between 2006-2008, I have lectured at the Georg-August University Göttingen and the Humboldt University Berlin in the fields of European social policy governance, poverty in the EU and European integration theory. From 2008-2011, and after five months at the Institute for European Integration Research in Vienna, I was a lecturer at the Jean Monnet Centre for European Studies,University of Bremen. From October 2013-April 2014, I was a fellow at the Hanse Wissenschaftskolleg (Delmenhorst), and from September 2018-August 2019 I was a Robert Schuman Fellow at the European University Institute in Florence. In 2021, I became the Director of the Centre for European Governance.
Away from academic life, I enjoy going to concerts, both classic and folk, rock and some pop; reading fiction and discussing some of it in my book club, including graphic novels; seeing football matches (particularly when my team Werder Bremen wins which sadly does not happen often enough), swimming; traveling to warmer places and in particular Livorno; and being around my husband, (previously my late cat), and my friends.